4 Amps is peak, I have never timed how long it will take to damage one, but probably not long. Attaching a heatsink will help in that case.
The H-bridges from robot power look like they will work, but you will need a circuit in between the Serializer and the H-bridge to take the PWM and Dir signals and turn them into the proper signals. You should be able to do this with 1 7402 IC per H-bridge. Something like this.
Be carefull putting a large cap across motor terminals. A cap like that is polorized, and if you reverse the motor diection it can explode. Not a knock down the house kind of explosion, but a (why is the cat hiding in the closet) kind of explosion. I would not want to be holding onto the cap when that happend.
As for my H-bridge, I use an International Rectifier IR2184 to dive the H-bridge. It requires 10-20V to run (or it will definitely not run). I put a 12V regulator on board so It can be used at 24V, but that means it drops a volt or so at lower voltages, so if you put 12V on it, 11'ish will get to the 2184 and it will still run. I don't think it will work at all below 10.
Ringo
Patrick,
We too appreciate you taking the time to thoroughly investigate the problem, and take logical steps to solving the problem you were seeing w/ the banebot motors. This is of great help to us, and other customers!
Best Regards!